[A]
a/d: air-dried
air-dried: a/d; designating lumber stacked out of doors so that air circulates between boards to remove moisture
[B]
batten: sawed strip of wood, especially used as seam or fastener
beam: long, thick piece of lumber, used especially as support for roof
bevel siding: siding cut with sloping surface at edge
board: milled, sawed piece of wood up to 2 inches (5.1 cm) thick and 2 or more inches wide
board toot: standard measure of lumber, equal to 1 x 12x 12 inches or 144 cubic inches
[C]
caning: slender, flexible wood stems split into narrow strands and woven together, especially for chairs
ceiling board: cut board used in ceilings
clapboard: narrow board thicker at one edge, used for outside walls; weatherboard
close-grained: designating wood having fine, compact grain
construction wood: dimension lumber
cork: light, thick, soft, elastic bark of cork oak tree
cut: amount of wood; style in which wood is sawed
[D]
decking: construction boards for exterior use
dimension lumber usually: softwood lumber used for framing or as sheathing
dowel: solid, cylindrical rod of wood
dressed size: dimensions of lumber after drying and planing
drop siding: siding with tongue-and-groove, rabbeted, or shiplap joint; matched siding
[E]
edge-glued: designating flat-edged lumber bonded by gluing
edge-matched: designating lumber with tongue-and-groove edges
end-matched: designating lumber with tongue-and-groove ends
excelsior: fine, curled wood shavings that form resilient mass, used for packing
exterior plywood usually: rough-grade plywood sheets with exterior glue, used under finishing materials
[F]
fencing: long, thin posts or rails used to make fences
finish lumber: high-quality softwood lumber to be left natural or stained for appearance
flat-grained: designating wood having smooth, consistent grain
flooring: long strips of tongue-and-groove finishing lumber, used for flooring
framing: softwood construction lumber used for skeletal frame of structure
furring strips: narrow, unfinished wood strips attached to masonry or concrete as base for finishing material
[G]
grading: standardized system of rating and marking wood to indicate quality
grape stakes: thick, unfinished posts used to support vines
green lumber: undried lumber
[H]
hardwood: lumber made from the wood of deciduous trees, used primarily for trim, finishing, and built-ins
heartwood: mature wood at center of tree
[I]
interior finish: material used to cover interior walls and ceiling surfaces
[J]
jambs: strips used as side frame of door or window
[K]
k/d: kiln-dried
kiln-dried: kid designating lumber dried in kiln using regulated steam and hot air
knotty: designating lumber with cross-grained, rounded areas, or knots, formed by lump where branch grew out of tree trunk
[L]
lath: thin, narrow strips nailed to two-by-fours and rafters as foundation for plaster, tiles, and finishing boards
lauan: Philippine mahogany, in trade usage
log: long section of tree trunk or thick branch of felled tree to be cut and milled into lumber
louver door: door with overlapping, horizontal slats
lumber: timber sawed and milled into standard size beams, planks, and boards
lumber sizing: standard sizes of lumber, in inches: 1x2, 10, 1x4, 1x5, 1x6, 1x8, 1x10, 1x12, 2x2, 2x3, 2x4, 2x6, 2x8, 2x10, 2x12, 3x3, 4x4, 4x8,4x12
[M]
matched siding: drop siding
milling: cutting, shaping, and shaving of lumber and wood products on large scale in manufacturing plant
mixed-grain: designating wood with both closed and open grains
molding: shaped strip of wood used to finish or decorate walls astragal, base, batten, bead casing saddle, chair rail, comer guard, cove, crown, full round, half round, handrail, lattice, mantel, nose and cove, ogee, oval, picture frame, pilaster, quarter round, round edge, scalloped, sprung cove, stop, threshold, and window stool
[N]
[O]
open-grained: designating wood having irregularly patterned grain, usually wide
[P]
paneling: broad, flat sections of wood from which panels are cut
parquet: flooring squares in which grains of adjacent squares run at right angles
partition: large sheet of wood or other material used to divide interior areas
pinoleum: fine wooden sticks, stitched together as blinds
plank: long, broad, thick board
plywood: thin sheet of wood made by gluing and pressing together layers, often with grains at right angles; grades: AB, ACX, AD
plywood circle: round plywood sheet
plywood sizingstandard sizes of plywood: 4x8 feet or 4x10 feet by 1/4, 318,112, 5/8, 3/4, or 1 inch thick
pole: long, slender piece of wood, usually cylindrical
post: thick square or cylindrical beam section used in upright position
pressure-treated: designating wood with resin compressed under great heat to increase hardness and resistance to moisture and decay
puncheon: short post, used upright in framing
[Q]
[R]
rabbeted: designating board or plank with groove cut in edge to accept another piece of wood to form joint
rattanslender, tough stem of palm tree, used in furniture
reed fencing: thick grass stalks plaited into fence
roofing: rafter beams or plywood sheets used in roof frame; exterior material, such as shingles or shake, used on roof
rush: round, pliant stem of certain marsh grasses, used in thatch roofs, furniture, and baskets
[S]
sapwood: light-colored, living wood layer between heartwood and bark
seasoning: aging and drying process that matures lumber to improve its workability
sen: Oriental ash, in trade usage
shake: long shingle split directly from log
sheathing: layer of boards that covers roof rafters or outside wall studs
sheeting: broad pieces of wood used to cover a surface
shelving: thin, flat section of board to be fixed at right angles to wall
shingle: thin, wedge-shaped piece of wood to be laid in overlapping rows over roof or wall sheathing
shiplap: boards or siding rabbeted along edge to overlap and form joint
shutter: louvered window covering
siding: materials applied over wall sheathing as finished surface: hardboard, lap, metal, plastic, plywood
siding shingle: shingle used over wall sheathing
slat: thin, narrow wood strip
softwood: lumber made from the wood of evergreen trees, used primarily for framing, construction, and some finishing
split: flexible strip of wood or wood stem used in baskets or furniture
stake: thin length of wood pointed at one end
stock: tree trunk
stud: boards, especially 2x4's, used in upright position as framing to which sheathing, panels, or siding are nailed
[T]:
thatch: rushes or palm leaves used as roofing
timber: heavy, dressed beam, usually 5 inches (12.7 cm) or more in least dimension
tongue-and-groove: designating lumber, especially paneling and flooring, in which boards interlock along edges
treatment: aging, drying, or seasoning done to improve quality of wood
trim: finished interior and exterior moldings
two-by-four: most common board used in framing, being 2 inches by 4 inches
[U]
[V]
veneer: thin sheets of wood assembled in layers into plywood
vertical-grained: designating lumber with grain running lengthwise
[W]
walling: sheathing for walls
weatherboard: clapboard
weatherizing: treatment of exterior finish wood to conserve heat and resist water
wicker: pliant twigs or rods plaited together into chairs or baskets
windows: boards framed into windows
wood: hard fibrous substance beneath tree bark, cut and prepared as timber or lumber
woodwork: interior moldings, doors, windows, and stairs